Price determination – Profit and other contributing factors

If you are in retail or reselling business, setting price is not a concern, but if you are the manufacturer or producer, or if you are going to provide some sort of services then setting price can be a very difficult job. At times, new startups set prices in a hurry and focus more on making sales, only to find later that even though they’ve made good enough sales, the accumulated profit is not up to the mark. That is why when setting prices; you need to keep each and every cost in mind, along with adjusting the variables like competitor’s price and consumer’s purchasing power into the price. A price too low would bring more sales but no profits, whereas a price too high will bring large profits but very few sales (unless you enjoy some sort of monopoly). Therefore, the price needs to be spot on.

Rule of thumb when setting prices:

Try to kill your competition by setting low price, but make sure you are not choking your own business of profits. Whatever pricing model you use for pricing your products or services just remember this one point; you’ve got to set a price that will give you an edge over your competitor, still providing you with much needed cash to cover your costs while earning some profits. One more thing, the price you set initially is not something written on stone, it can be changed and it should be changed if the initial price doesn’t prove to be the right one for any reason.

Costs & Expenses:

The price should cover the cost of production and advertisement, that’s simple and everybody knows that. Where most businesses go wrong is when they are calculating their costs of doing business, they often overlook the possibility of some future expenses or completely ignore one or two indirect expenses (transportation & depreciation, etc). Therefore, before you start calculating the right price, you must be having an idea of all costs or expenses that will occur in course of business.

Different Prices for Different stages:

If you are just starting, your first goal must be to enter the market and capture as much market share as you can. At this point of time, you probably need a price as low as possible; some businesses even take a risk of setting a price lower than their break-even point. However, once you’ve managed to make inroads, you can raise your price, later when you’ve established as a well known brand, you can always set a price that offers maximum profits.

Source:
Computers Wholesale Suppliers

Consumer's income and its implications on your marketing plans

Marketing plan is not just a yearly ritual that managers should perform, so as to give an impression of being proficient. If truth be told, a sound marketing plan plays a pivotal role in the success or failure of any product (or product line). Along with many other aspects, a core function of marketing plan is to look at the marketing environment and how it will affect the product in question. Marketing plan comprised of (but is not limited to) taking into consideration the overall situation of the market and economy, consumers, competition, upcoming trends and consumer behavior. Another part of marketing plan is customer segmentation based on different preferences, age, demographics or social class.

The most influential factor in consumer’s purchase pattern is of course, their income. Income plays an important role in distinguishing social class and consumer behaviors. A significant shift in consumer's income can invariably change the way they look and decide about purchasing some specific product. When the income increases, normally the quality of the product and the satisfaction they are getting out of this purchase becomes more important, on the other hand when it goes down, the cost may become the most decisive factor. Consumer’s income is also said to effect the hedonic consumption.

There are other factors for sure; however a shift in income can outweigh many of them. Therefore, when you are in the initial stages of making marketing plan, keep in mind the income level and social class of your targeted customers, and build up your plan around it. You can conduct your own research, to get an idea of the average income of your targeted customers; or you can also rely on secondary resources if you are a small business.

The information will help you in determining future demand for the product, consequently helping you in setting prices for your products. Also, when you are about to launch a new product (or an old product in a new market); you must consider the personal income of your targeted customers. For the reason that they are less likely to spend on trying a new product and experimenting when their income is decreasing, no matter how good the product is, except for when someone comes up with an alternate product or service which is cheaper than the existing one (that is why the recession is the best time for small businesses to get a jump start by providing low cost alternatives to the consumers caught in financial crisis).

Source:
Mobile Phones Wholesale Suppliers
China Wholesale Suppliers, Distributors, Dropshippers & Manufacturers

Different types of discounts you can offer to your customers

What are the two most attractive words, you can use in your advertisement to lure customers? Answer is Discount and Free, and although “Free” can pull much larger crowds as compared to “Discount”, you can’t really offer your products for free. Therefore, discount is a more practical, sensible and smart option to use. Different types of discounts and sales are very effective to curb the competition. It can also provide a good boost to your sales in the time of recession, when people are looking to save on every deal. However, offering discount on your products will obviously reduce the inflow of cash, therefore you need to chew over your discount strategy over and over, keeping in mind all costs and expenditures. In addition to this, there are some laws in developed countries that impose some restrictions on discounts; you need to confirm to these regulations as well.

Here are some of the discounts you can offer to your customers.

Quantity Based Discount:
You must have noticed a huge difference between wholesale and retail price. Whenever you buy something in large quantities you expect some discount from the seller. People are more than happy to offer low prices to a buyer who will purchase in large quantities because it allows the seller to save in many ways. But normally these quantities are too large for a normal consumer and only businesses can afford to purchase a product in these quantities, however you can offer some sort of off-price if the customer buy more than one units, for example 5% off if someone purchases 10 units or more.

Payment Based Discount:
If majority of your customers make purchase on credit then you can offer payment based discounts to these customers, tempting them to pay as soon as possible by offering a small discount on paying cash without delay. Prompt payments will save you all those collection costs and help you with daily expenditures of the business, as well.

Trade Discounts:
These are the discounts you have to offer to the middleman, be it the wholesaler, retailer or distributor, so that they can cover all costs of marketing that may be needed before the product reaches to the ultimate consumer. Trade discounts are in fact, the biggest of all.

Special Discount:
In some cases you can offer discounts to some specific group of customers to capture that special segment of the market. This niche group can be of students, house wives, doctors, your previous customers, small business owners or any other strategically targeted group.

Source:
Wholesale

Choosing the right Freight forwarding agency

Many small businesses (or those who have just started) find it extremely hard to go through the frustrating procedures of documentation, legalities and clearance, that unfortunately, is a must in all types of international trade. There are quite a number of fronts to handle, and more often than not you find yourself trapped in these time-consuming tasks, when you should be working on the more important ones like marketing, communicating with clients and finalizing new business deals. As a small business, you are left with two options, either hire more staff for these jobs or outsource everything to a freight forwarding agency.

Professional freight forwarders have a clear advantage over your newly hired staff, first they are far more experienced, second they have good working relations with many parties involved in transaction and third, they know many cheap alternatives for transportation. A good freight forward agent will be able to assist you from the word go if you have no real knowledge of international trade. Best way is to engage a freight forwarding agent even before you finalize the prices, as he/she can give you an exact idea on how much documentation, insurance or shipment can cost.

While choosing the freight forwarding (or clearing) agent, you must consider following guidelines.

Experience:
The prime reason for you going to the freight forwarding agent is his/her experience for carrying out those tasks. No matter how qualified your freight forwarding agent seems to be, don't close your eyes to the past experience he/she has in the field. An experienced freight forwarder can prove to be a lot more helpful because he/she will be having working relations with relevant parties. Being an "old hand" also reflects that the freight forwarding agency is a long-standing business.

Knowledge:
Choose the one with extensive knowledge of the market, policies, rules and procedures, and more importantly the best modes of shipment. The agent should be capable enough to go through complete process with ease and in a timely manner. An ideal freight forwarding agent will have the knowledge, skills and technology to provide, you and your customers with top-notch services.

Price:
Freight forwarding agent substitutes you for a good number of tasks, plus he/she will provide you with valuable counseling and guidance as well. So, the fees are supposed to be considerably high. Decide all the services you expect to receive and settle on prices in complete details, make sure there will be no additional charges in the future. If you are dealing with a freight forwarding agent from another country, bear in mind the communication problems (because of foreign language involved) that can arise in the future.